Definition of Task Elements
You may hear the term "step" used in place of "element". The term step implies a sequence. Steps are performed one at a time, in a prescribed order. Since some tasks contain activities that are not necessarily performed in a particular sequence, the term element is used instead. This avoids the implication that the task activities are performed in a particular order.
Elements are the steps, actions, operations or other logical components of a task.
Elements are Listed in Sequence
Elements begin with a verb and are listed in sequence, if a sequence is applicable.
Some tasks contain steps or operations that are NOT sequential. For example:
•A troubleshooting or problem solving task may involve an algorithm or flowchart approach, rather than sequential steps.
•A decision task may involve the weighing of variables and factors, in no particular order, rather than a set sequential operations.
Some procedures require the completion of activities without requiring them to be done in any order, such as checking the mechanical condition of a car before a trip: check oil, battery, water, etc.
Tasks are not Always Observable
They are usually but not always observable.
Some tasks require the application of mental skills or cognitive activities that are not directly observable. For example:
The task: Select the best site for development of a new office building. This task requires the evaluation of several variables, such as visibility from major highways, access to parking, and so on.
Evaluation of these components is not observable. Rather, it's a mental process and only the results can be seen or judged.
Elements are Measurable
Whether the elements are steps, operations or other logical components of a task, and regardless of whether or not they are directly observable, they are measurable. That is, you can determine whether or not the element was done, and whether or not it was done correctly. Even for elements that are not directly observable, the result of performing the element can be determined, and judged as either correctly or incorrectly done.
Examples of Elements
these elements are sequential, observable and measurable.